I would like to tell a story that begins in the late '70s, when they propose a new group of microorganisms "Archaea" : all described species are from the most extreme habitats: above 80 degrees centigrade, oxygen-free environments, hypersaline water or acid ... may come from the oldest organisms.
Back in the '90s we encounter the surprise of Rio Tinto : what looked like a polluted river was a fertile oasis of species weirdos (The two photos below, a Euglena, green, and a Diatoms ) can live in an environment with low pH and metal-rich: algae, fungi, bacteria . No longer had to be cleared, only to study and preserve. Maybe it's an environment that is similar to that found on Mars
So we already talked about the extremophiles, which I guess is a valuable asset: bacteria are resistant to radiation in Lake Vostok ice isolated a million years, some able to survive at 121 ยบ , the temperature of the autoclave used to sterilize. Also point to this car extremophile the cyanobacteria encountered in the Canaries.
The news comes this holiday when different means they have found in multicellular organisms of the phylum Loricifera (pictured above) that live and reproduce in the absence of oxygen, in environments rich in sulfur compounds, toxic to Most organisms without mitochondria and hydrogenosomes, previously unimaginable circumstances. For icing, it is possible that these organelles, the hydrogenosomes, come from a symbiotic relationship with protozoa neighbors.
Are there any higher?
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